Revealed in Mecca presenting the rows of angels and the story of Ibrahim's sacrifice. The surah refutes the Quraysh's claim that angels are Allah's daughters and asserts that the true servants of Allah are those who declare His oneness. The story of Ibrahim and Isma'il's sacrifice was revealed to link the Hajj rites to their prophetic origins. Revealed in the Meccan period as a concluding glorification: 'Exalted is your Lord, the Lord of might, above what they describe. And peace upon the messengers. And praise to Allah, Lord of the worlds.' This was revealed when the Quraysh described Allah falsely (claiming angels are His daughters) and the ayah exalts Allah above all false descriptions, establishing the formula of tasbih and hamd.

Revealed in Mecca following Surah al-Fil (the Elephant), commanding the Quraysh to worship the Lord of the Ka'bah who gave them security and provision. The Quraysh were merchants who depended on safe trade routes to Yemen in winter and Syria in summer. The ayah calls them from pride in trade to gratitude to the true Provider. Revealed in the early Meccan period commanding the Quraysh to worship the Lord of this House (the Ka'bah) who fed them against hunger and made them safe from fear. The ayah calls the Quraysh to gratitude and monotheistic worship, redirecting their pride in trade and security towards recognition of the true Provider and Protector. ❌ DON'TS: [h] Guarantee the capital or profit in a mudaraba — this invalidates the contract. [H] The mudarib commingle funds without agreement or act beyond scope. ⚖️ AS YOU WISH: Any lawful business, trade, or investment is permissible.

Revealed in Medina (some ayahs Meccan) concerning the rites of Hajj and the permission for defensive fighting. Also called the two prostrations surah because it contains two sajdah verses. The surah establishes the sacred rites and the permission for Muslims to defend themselves, revealed around the time of the Hijrah. Revealed around 6-7 AH commanding the Prophet to proclaim the Hajj to all people. The ayah describes how people will come on foot and on lean camels from every distant mountain highway to witness benefits for themselves and mention Allah's name on the appointed days. This was revealed as the Hajj was being reinstituted in its pure form after the pagan Arabs had corrupted its rituals.

The only surah not preceded by Bismillah, revealed after the Conquest of Makkah (9 AH) regarding the treaties with the polytheists. Also called Bara'ah (Disavowal), it was revealed when the Prophet sent Ali ibn Abi Talib to proclaim that after 9 AH no polytheist could perform Hajj and no one could circumambulate the Ka'bah naked. The last two verses (9:128-129) are considered the final revealed verses. Revealed in Medina after the Battle of Tabuk (9 AH) when some Muslims who had lagged behind came forward and offered their charity as repentance. ❌ DON'TS: [h] Delay after Eid prayer — becomes ordinary sadaqah. [h] Give expired or low-quality food. [h] Forget dependents under your care.

Revealed in Mecca presenting the rows of angels and the story of Ibrahim's sacrifice. The surah refutes the Quraysh's claim that angels are Allah's daughters and asserts that the true servants of Allah are those who declare His oneness. The story of Ibrahim and Isma'il's sacrifice was revealed to link the Hajj rites to their prophetic origins. Revealed in Mecca describing the Quraysh's reaction when reminded: 'When they are reminded, they pay no attention. And when they see a sign, they ridicule it. And they say: 'This is nothing but clear magic. When we die and become dust and bones, will we really be resurrected?' The ayah was revealed regarding those who mock religious reminders and deny resurrection despite clear signs. ❌ DON'TS: [h] Touch or kiss the grills of the Prophet's grave. [H] Make tawaf around the grave — this is shirk. [h] Raise voice in Masjid an-Nabawi. ================================================================================ VOLUME 7: FAMILY LIFE & RELATIONSHIPS ================================================================================