Judgments & Rulings (Ahkam) — Adab al-Qadi

INTENSITY MARKERS:
[M] = Fard / Wajib (Obligatory — must do) | [1] = Sunnah Mu'akkadah / Highly Recommended | [2] = Sunnah / Recommended | [3] = Mustahab / Virtuous / Commendable | [H] = Haram (Forbidden — must not do) | [h] = Makruh (Discouraged — should not do) | [P] = Mubah (Permissible — neutral)

✅ What to Do

[M]Judge with justice and fairness — between rich and poor alike. (Qur'an 4:58)

[M]The judge must not be influenced by personal feelings, kinship, or bias.

[1]Strive for the correct ruling — a judge who strives and is correct gets double reward. (Bukhari 7352)

[1]If the judge errs after striving, he still gets one reward. (Bukhari 7352)

[M]Hear both sides before passing judgment. (Tirmidhi 1333)

[2]Seek reconciliation between disputing parties before ruling. (Qur'an 49:9)

[2]Know that the one appointed as judge is slaughtered without a knife (great responsibility). (Tirmidhi 1325)

[2]Appoint qualified, knowledgeable, and just judges for the community.

🚫 What Not to Do

What to Do ↑ As You Wish ↓

[H]Accept a position as judge if you are unqualified. (Bukhari 7148)

[H]Judge in anger. (Abu Dawud 3589)

[H]Take bribes — the Prophet cursed the bribe-giver and taker. (Tirmidhi 1336)

[H]Favor one party over another without evidence.

[h]Delay judgments without cause — justice delayed is injustice.

[H]Rule by other than what Allah has revealed. (Qur'an 5:44)

⭐ As You Wish

What to Do ↑ What Not to Do ↑

— Accept the position of judge if you are qualified and just — it fulfills a community obligation.

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